လာလည္သူအေပါင္း မဂၤလာအေပါင္းနဲ႔ ျပည့္စံု၍ ကိုယ္စိတ္ႏွစ္ျဖာ က်န္းမာ၊ ခ်မ္းသာက်ပါေစ မေကြးတိုင္း၊ နတ္ေမာက္ၿမဳိ႕နယ္၊ ေအးျမသာစည္ရြာမွ ႀကဳိဆိုပါတယ္ ခင္ဗ်ာ
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ျမန္မာ့ေရွးေဟာင္း ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ား (၁၂)

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ေတာင္ငူအနားက ဘုရားတစ္ဆူ (1868)
Pagoda near Tounghoo, Burma

BL > ျမန္မာ့ေရွးေဟာင္း ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ား
Photo: ေတာင္ငူအနားက ဘုရားတစ္ဆူ (1868) Pagoda near Tounghoo, Burma Photograph of a pagoda in Taungoo taken by J. Jackson in c.1868, part of an album of 43 views of Burma (Myanmar) from the Sladen Collection. The town of Taungoo is situated towards the northern end of the Bago Division in central Burma. It was once the capital of an important post-Pagan (Bagan) kingdom of the 15th and 16th centuries, and is now supported by the timber trade being in close proximity to mountain ranges which are sources of teak and other hardwoods. This is a general view of a small pagoda, with Burmese figures and a European standing around the structure. The pagoda is built in the characteristic shrine form of Burmese Buddhist architecture known as a stupa. It is a solid structure enshrining sacred relics, precious stones and images of the Buddha. A stupa is composed of a bell-shaped dome which narrows to a conical spire ornamented with bands of moulding. It is crowned with a metal hti or umbrella, and rests on a series of square terraces. Either a part or the whole structure is often gilded. BL > ျမန္မာ့ေရွးေဟာင္း ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ား
မဟာေဗာဓိေစတီေတာ္။ ပုဂံ။ (1868)
Pagoda at Pagan [Mahabodhi Pagoda], Upper Burma


BL > ျမန္မာ့ေရွးေဟာင္း ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ား
Photo: မဟာေဗာဓိေစတီေတာ္။ ပုဂံ။ (1868) Pagoda at Pagan [Mahabodhi Pagoda], Upper Burma Photograph of the Mahabodhi Pagoda at Pagan (Bagan), Burma (Myanmar) taken by J. Jackson in c.1868, part of an album of 43 views of Burma (Myanmar) from the Sladen Collection. The pagoda is a replica of the Mahabodhi temple at Bodh Gaya in Bihar State, India, built in 500 AD at the site where the Buddha is believed to have achieved enlightenment seated under a bodhi tree (a type of fig tree). Inscriptions record that King Kyansittha of Bagan (ruled 1084-1113) sent a mission to Bodh Gaya to repair the temple, and that bodhi trees were planted in Bagan from seeds brought from Bodh Gaya. The pagoda was by King Htilominlo (ruled 1211-1234?). It is not an exact copy of the original as its proportions and shape differ. It is a rare example of a quite different form distinct from the typical Burmese pagoda which is bell-shaped. It is one of more than two thousand surviving Buddhist monuments built by kings, nobles and monks as meritorious acts on the plain at Pagan on the eastern bank of the Irrawaddy (Ayeyarwady) river in central Burma. The earliest structure dates from the late 9th century. Most date from Pagan’s golden era between the 11th and the 13th centuries when it was a royal city and the capital of an extensive Burmese kingdom. BL > ျမန္မာ့ေရွးေဟာင္း ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ား
ေရနံေခ်ာင္းက ေစတီပုထိုးမ်ား (1868)
Pagodas at Yaynangeoung, on the Irrawaddy, Upper Burma.


BL > ျမန္မာ့ေရွးေဟာင္း ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ား
Photo: ေရနံေခ်ာင္းက ေစတီပုထိုးမ်ား (1868) Pagodas at Yaynangeoung, on the Irrawaddy, Upper Burma. Yaynangeoung is famous for its petroleum wells Photograph of pagodas at Yenangyaung in central Burma (Myanmar), taken by J. Jackson in c.1868, part of an album of 43 views of Burma from the Sladen Collection. This is a general view looking towards a cluster of temple pagodas on the hillside, with houses in the foreground. The pagodas are built in the characteristic form of Burmese Buddhist stupas. The bell-shaped structures, topped with spires, enshrine sacred relics, precious stones and images of the Buddha. In the 19th century petroleum was the most valuable mineral product in Burma from which was derived paraffin wax, illuminating oil and petrol. It was one of the country's three principal export commodities along with rice and timber. Rights to extract petroleum from the oilfields at Yenangyaung were owned by local families. Following the annexation of Upper Burma by the British, the oil was sold for export through the Burma Oil Company and the government received a royalty. BL > ျမန္မာ့ေရွးေဟာင္း ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ား
ေမာင္းေထာင္းေနသူမ်ား။ ကေလးမ်ား။ အထက္အညာ။ 1886
Village scene, [in Upper Burma],
BL > ျမန္မာ့ေရွးေဟာင္း ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ား
Photo: ေမာင္းေထာင္းေနသူမ်ား။ ကေလးမ်ား။ အထက္အညာ။ 1886 Village scene, [in Upper Burma], shewing the next process to which the rice is subjected before it is fit for cooking Photograph of women husking rice in a village in Upper Burma (Myanmar), taken by Willoughby Wallace Hooper in 1886. The photograph is from a series documenting the Third Anglo-Burmese War (1885-86), published in 1887 under the title ‘Burmah: a series of one hundred photographs illustrating incidents connected with the British Expeditionary Force to that country, from the embarkation at Madras, 1st Nov, 1885, to the capture of King Theebaw, with many views of Mandalay and surrounding country, native life and industries’. Albums were issued in two editions, one with albumen prints, one with autotypes, along with a set of lantern slides. Hooper made the series while serving as Provost Marshal with the British Expeditionary Force, which entered Mandalay, the Burmese royal capital, on 28 November 1885. The Burmese king, Thibaw (reigned 1878-1885), was deposed and exiled to India and a military occupation of the city began. The war culminated in the annexation of Upper Burma by the British on 1 January 1886. A caption by Hooper accompanying the photograph describes the image, which follows on from the previous image in the collection [photo 312/(89)], showing oxen treading rice to separate the grain from the chaff: “Another village scene, shewing the next process to which the rice is subjected before it is fit for cooking. The grain, after it has been trodden out, is covered with a husk, and to remove this it is placed, by small quantities at a time, in a kind of mortar made from a smoothly hollowed out block of wood, the pestle at the end of a long beam or lever is worked, as seen in the picture, by a woman alternately pressing down the other end with her foot and releasing it.” Hooper was a dedicated amateur photographer and his photographs of the war in Burma are considered “one of the most accomplished and comprehensive records of a nineteenth century military campaign”. The series is also notable for the political scandal which arose following allegations by a journalist that Hooper had acted sadistically in the process of photographing the execution by firing squad of Burmese rebels. The subsequent court of inquiry concluded that he had behaved in a “callous and indecorous” way and the affair raised issues of the ethical role of the photographer in documenting human suffering and the conduct of the British military during a colonial war. BL > ျမန္မာ့ေရွးေဟာင္း ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ား
ဆရာတပည့္။ 1900s
Monastery Education in Burma ( 1900 )
Kyaw Gyi
Photo: ဆရာတပည့္။ 1900s Monastery Education in Burma ( 1900 ) Kyaw Gyi
1890s ခုႏွစ္ ကခ်င္တိုင္းရင္းသားမ်ား
Kachins [Burma] 1890s


BL > ျမန္မာ့ေရွးေဟာင္း ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ား
Photo: 1890s ခုႏွစ္ ကခ်င္တိုင္းရင္းသားမ်ား Kachins [Burma] 1890s Photograph of a group of Kachins in Burma (Myanmar), taken by an unknown photographer in the 1890s. The Kachin are one of over 30 tribal groups in Burma. They are a Tibeto-Burman people who originally migrated from western China and occupy Kachin State, Burma’s most northerly state. They constitute one of the eight ‘national races’ now recognised by the government, the others being the Shan, Mon, Kayah, Chin, Karen, Rakhaing and the majority Bamar population. This view shows a group of men and women posed for the photographer in the open air. The photograph is from an album devoted almost entirely to Lord Elgin's Burma tour of November to December 1898. Victor Alexander Bruce (1849-1917), ninth Earl of Elgin and 13th Earl of Kincardine, served as Viceroy of India between 1894 and 1899. BL > ျမန္မာ့ေရွးေဟာင္း ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ား
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